The Curious Writer [RENTAL EDITION]

Cover
Title Page
Copyright Page
Brief Contents
Contents
Preface
Acknowledgments
About the Authors
Part 1 THE SPIRIT OF INQUIRY
	Chapter 1 Writing as Inquiry
		What Do We Mean by Inquiry?
		Beliefs About Writing and Writing Development
			Unlearning Unhelpful Beliefs
			Tools for Inquiry‐based Writing: Fastwriting and Journaling
			EXERCISE 1.1: What Is Your Process?
			The Beliefs of This Book
				Allatonceness
				Believing You Can Learn to Write Well
		Habits of Mind
			Starting with Questions, Not Answers
				Making the Familiar Strange
			Suspending Judgment
			Being Willing to Write Badly
			Expecting Surprise
			Reflecting Often
			EXERCISE 1.2: A Roomful of Details
			ONE STUDENT’S RESPONSE: Bernice’s Journal
		The Power of Reflection
			A Case Study
			Telling Your Own Story as a Writer
			EXERCISE 1.3: Literacy Narrative Collage
		“Dialectical” Writing: Harnessing Your Creative and Critical Thought
			What is “Dialectical” Writing and Reading?
			INQUIRING INTO THE DETAILS: Invention Strategies
			Applying Creative and Critical Thinking Through Writing
			Problem Solving in Your Writing Process
		Inquiry Is Driven by Questions
			EXERCISE 1.4: Myth of the Boring Topic
			Kinds of Questions
		A Strategy for Inquiry: Open Rather than Direct
			EXERCISE 1.5: A Mini‐Inquiry Project: Cell Phone Culture
			Inquiry, Academic Writing, and the Thesis
			Final Reflective Inquiry About Your Writing
			EXERCISE 1.6: Scenes of Writing
		The Organization of TCW
		Using What You Have Learned
	Chapter 2 Reading as Inquiry
		EXERCISE 2.1: Reading Hard, Hard Reading
		Binocular Reading: A “Dialectical” System for Engaging with Texts
			How Does “Binocular Reading” Work?
			Reader Lens
			Author Lens
			Binocular View
		Dispelling Fallacies About Reading: Preparing Your “Reader Lens”
			EXERCISE 2.2: A Reader’s Memoir
		Thinking Rhetorically: Preparing Your “Author Lens”
			Rhetorical Situation
			Four Frames for Author‐Based Reading
				Scenario #1
				Scenario #2
		Combining the Lenses into a Binocular Approach
			EXERCISE 2.3: Applying Binocular Reading Strategies
			Reflective Inquiry
		Double‐Entry Journaling
			Process for Double‐Entry Journaling
			EXERCISE 2.4: Having a Conversation with the Text
			READING: Bruce Ballenger, “The Importance of Writing Badly”
			Reflective Inquiry
			Alternatives to Double‐Entry Journaling
			Double‐Entry Journaling with a Visual Text
			INQUIRING INTO THE DETAILS: Reading the Visual
		Working with Academic Discourse: Reading from the Outside In
			Features of Academic Discourse
			A Binocular Approach to an Academic Article
			EXERCISE 2.5: Reader‐Based Lens
			READING: Rebekka Andersen, “Teaching Visual Rhetoric as a Close Reading Strategy”
		Using What You Have Learned
Part 2 INQUIRY PROJECTS
	Chapter 3 Writing a Personal Essay
		EXERCISE 3.1: Discovering What You Didn’t Know You Knew
		Writing About Experience and Observations
		The Personal Essay and Academic Writing
			INQUIRING INTO THE DETAILS: The Power of Narrative Thinking
		Features of the Form: Genre Patterns and Conventions
			RE‐GENRE: Graphic Essay
				First Thoughts: Reflecting on a New Genre
		READING A PERSONAL ESSAY
			PERSONAL ESSAY 1: Lad Tobin, “Old Man Lying by the Side of the Stage”
			Inquiring into the Essay
			PERSONAL ESSAY 2: Kim Cross, “The Crossing: Accompanying one fish from river to plate, an angler wrestles with life, death, and her duty as part of the food chain”
			Inquiring into the Essay
			PERSONAL ESSAY 3: Lori Michas, “Winter Ablation”
			Inquiring into the Essay
			RE‐GENRE: Photo Essays
		Writing a Personal Essay
			What Are You Going to Write About?
			Opening Up: Creative Thinking
				Listing Prompts
				Fastwriting Prompts
				Visual Prompts
				Research Prompts
			Narrowing Down: Critical Thinking
				What’s Promising Material and What Isn’t?
			INQUIRING INTO THE DETAILS: Clustering or Mapping
				Questions About Purpose and Audience
			Trying Out
			EXERCISE 3.2: Use Creative and Critical Thinking to Explore a Tentative Topic
			Writing the Sketch
			STUDENT SKETCH: Ben Ollander, “Toilet Paper is a Measure of Our Distress”
			Moving from Sketch to Draft
				Evaluating Your Own Sketch
				Second Thoughts: Reflecting on What You Are Learning
			Developing
			Drafting
				Identify the Category of Experience
				Ask Yourself Questions
				Explain and Render
				Methods of Development
				Using Evidence
			Workshopping
				Reflecting on the Workshop
			Revising
				Revision Challenges of the Personal Essay
			STUDENT ESSAY: Seth Marlin, “Smoke of Empire”
			Evaluating the Essay
				Last Thoughts: Reflecting on What You Learned
		Using What You Have Learned
	Chapter 4 Writing a Profile
		EXERCISE 4.1: A Case Study of You
		Motives for Writing a Profile
		The Profile and Academic Writing
		Features of the Form: Genre Patterns and Conventions
			First Thoughts: Reflecting on a New Genre
			RE‐GENRE: Audio Profile
		READING A PROFILE
			PROFILE 1: Bruce Ballenger, “Museum Missionary”
			Inquiring into the Essay
			PROFILE 2: Ian Frazier, “Passengers”
			Inquiring into the Essay
			PROFILE 3: Ken Gordon, “Amy Acton is calming leader in coronavirus crisis”
			Inquiring into the Essay
			RE‐GENRE: A Data Profile
		Writing a Profile
			Who Are You Going to Write About?
			Opening Up: Creative Thinking
				Listing Prompts
				Fastwriting Prompts
				Visual Prompts
				Research Prompts
			Narrowing Down: Critical Thinking
				What’s Promising Material and What Isn’t?
				Questions About Audience and Purpose
			Trying Out
			Interviewing
				Interview Approaches
				Making Contact
				Conducting the Interview
			INQUIRING INTO THE DETAILS: Recording Interviews
			Listening and Watching
		Flash Profile: Veterans History Projects
			From Bullets to Bottles: The Two Wars of Dan Akee
			Writing the Sketch
			Moving from Sketch to Draft
				Evaluating Your Sketch
				Second Thoughts: Reflecting on What You’re Learning
			Developing
				Research, Interviews, and Reinterviews
				Establishing the Focus
			Drafting
				Methods of Development
				Using Evidence
			Workshopping
				Reflecting on the Workshop
			Revising
				Revision Challenges of the Profile
			STUDENT ESSAY: Micaela Fisher, “Number 6 Orchard”
			Evaluating the Essay
				Last Thoughts: Reflecting on What You Learned
		Using What You Have Learned
	Chapter 5 Writing an Ethnographic Essay
		EXERCISE 5.1: Things That Matter
		Ethnography and Academic Writing
		Features of the Form: Genre Patterns and Conventions
			First Thoughts: Reflecting on a New Genre
			RE‐GENRE: Visual Ethnography
		READING AN ETHNOGRAPHIC ESSAY
			ETHNOGRAPHIC ESSAY 1: Elizabeth Chiseri‐Strater, “Anna as Reader: Intimacy and Response”
			Inquiring into the Essay
			ETHNOGRAPHIC ESSAY 2: Beth Carter, “Tailgate Parties Are a Powerful Impulse’ and a Microcosm of Society”
			Inquiring into the Essay
			ETHNOGRAPHIC ESSAY 3: Bruce Ballenger, “The Maine Lobster Festival: Gluttony Endorsed by the Gods”
			Inquiring into the Essay
			INQUIRING INTO THE DETAILS: Using Images in Field Work
		Writing an Ethnographic Essay
			What Are You Going to Write About?
			Opening Up: Creative Thinking
				Listing Prompts
				Fastwriting Prompts
				Visual Prompts
				Research Prompts
			Narrowing Down: Critical Thinking
				What’s Promising Material and What Isn’t?
				Questions About Audience and Purpose
			Trying Out
				Questions Ethnographers Ask
				Taking Notes
				An Example of Field Notes
			INQUIRING INTO THE DETAILS: Ethnography and Ethics
			FIELD NOTES: Rita Guerra, “Field Notes on Friday Afternoon at Emerald Lanes”
			Writing the Sketch
			STUDENT SKETCH: Abbey Keh, “The Culture of Indoor Rock‐Climbing at a Western University”
			Moving from Sketch to Draft
				Evaluating Your Own Sketch
				Second Thoughts: Reflecting on What You’re Learning
			Developing
				Sources of Information
				Analyzing the Data
			INQUIRING INTO THE DETAILS: Useful Library Databases for Ethnography
			Drafting
				Methods of Development
				Using Evidence
				Reflecting on the Draft
			Workshopping
			Revising
			STUDENT ESSAY DRAFT: Abbey Keh, “Finding the Journey Markers: An Ethnography of Indoor Rock‐Climbers”
			Evaluating the Essay
				Last Thoughts: Reflecting on What You Learned
		Using What You Have Learned
	Chapter 6 Writing an Analytical Essay
		EXERCISE 6.1: Genre Analysis of TikTok
		Analysis in Everyday Life
			Methods for Analysis
				Two Levels of Analysis
				Five Academic Methods of Analysis
			EXERCISE 6.2: Interpreting an Image
		Features of the Form: Genre Patterns and Conventions
			First Thoughts: Reflecting on a New Genre
			RE‐GENRE: Social Media Images and The Curated Self
		READING AN ANALYTIC ESSAY
			RHETORICAL ANALYSIS: John Lewis, “Together, We Can Redeem the Soul of the Nation”
			Inquiring into the Essay
			VISUAL ANALYSIS: Visualizing Climate Change
			Inquiring into Images
			FILM ANALYSIS: Bryan Bishop, “Why Won’t You Die?!” The Art of the Jump Scare
			Inquiring into the Essay
			INQUIRING INTO THE DETAILS: Brand as Visual Interpretation
		Writing an Analytic Essay
			What Are You Going to Write About?
			Opening Up: Creative Thinking
				Listing Prompts
				Fastwriting Prompts
				Visual Prompts
				Research Prompts
			Narrowing Down: Critical Thinking
				What’s Promising Material and What Isn’t?
				Questions About Audience and Purpose
			Writing the Sketch
			STUDENT SKETCH: Hailie Johnson‐Waskow, “All About That Hate”
			Moving from Sketch to Draft
				Evaluating Your Own Sketch
				Second Thoughts: Reflecting on What You’re Learning
			Developing
				Method
				Study
				Research
			Drafting
				Strategies for Development
				Using Evidence
			Workshopping
				Reflecting on the Draft
			Revising
			STUDENT ESSAY: Hailie Johnson‐Waskow, “All About That Hate: A Critical Analysis of All About That Bass’”
			Evaluating the Essay
			Last Thoughts: Reflecting on What You Learned
		Using What You Have Learned
	Chapter 7 Writing a Review
		EXERCISE 7.1: I Give This Ice Scraper ___ Stars!
		Writing That Evaluates
		Features of the Form: Genre Conventions and Patterns
			First Thoughts: Reflecting on a New Genre
			RE‐GENRE: Cartoon
		READING A REVIEW
			FILM REVIEW: Roger Ebert, “Elf”
			Inquiring into the Essay
			REVIEW OF A METHOD: Lynne Peeples, “Critics Challenge Dog Whisperer’ Methods”
			Inquiring into the Essay
			BOOK REVIEW: Adam Frank, “New Climate Books Stress We Are Already Far Down The Road To A Different Earth”
			Inquiring into the Essay
		Writing a Review
			Opening Up: Creative Thinking
				Listing Prompts
				Fastwriting Prompts
				Visual Prompts
				Research Prompts
			Narrowing Down: Critical Thinking
				What’s Promising Material and What Isn’t?
				Questions About Audience and Purpose
			Trying Out
				Focusing the Category
				Fastwriting
				Online Research
				Interviews
				Experiencing Your Subject
			Thinking About Criteria
				Refining Criteria for Better Evidence
				Considering Criteria and Rhetorical Context
			Writing the Sketch
			INQUIRING INTO THE DETAILS: Collaborating on Criteria
			STUDENT SKETCH: Laura Burns, “Recipe for a Great Film: Unlikeable People, Poor Choices, and Little Redemption”
			Moving from Sketch to Draft
				Evaluating Your Sketch
				Second Thoughts: Reflecting on What You’re Learning
			Developing
				Talking It Through
				Re‐Experience
				Interview
				Read
			Drafting
				Finding an Opening
				Methods of Development
				Using Evidence
			Workshopping
				Reflecting on the Draft
			Revising
				Analyzing the Information
			STUDENT ESSAY: Laura Burns, “How to Not Feel Good and Feel Good About It”
			Evaluating the Essay
				Last Thoughts: Reflecting on What You Learned
		Using What You Have Learned
	Chapter 8 Writing a Proposal
		EXERCISE 8.1: My Problem Might Be Your Problem
		Writing About Problems and Solutions
			Problems of Consequence
			Problems of Manageable Scale
			Situations That Call for Proposals
			INQUIRING INTO THE DETAILS: The Research Proposal
		Features of the Form: Genre Patterns and Conventions
			First Thoughts: Reflecting on a New Genre
			RE‐GENRE: A Problem in Pictures
		READING A PROPOSAL
			PROPOSAL 1: Sarah Perkins‐Kirkpatrick, “Can Cli‐fi’ Actually Make a Difference? A Climate Scientist’s Perspective”
			Inquiring into the Essay
			PROPOSAL 2: Dr. Mark Griffiths and Dr. Daria Kuss, “6 Questions Help Reveal If You’re Addicted to Social Media”
			Inquiring into the Essay
			PROPOSAL 3: Daniel M. Johnson, “What Will It Take to Solve the Student Loan Crisis?”
			Inquiring into the Essay
		Writing a Proposal Essay
			What Are You Going to Write About?
			Opening Up: Creative Thinking
				Listing Prompts
				Fastwriting Prompts
				Visual Prompts
				Research Prompts
			Narrowing Down: Critical Thinking
				What’s Promising Material and What Isn’t?
				Questions About Audience and Purpose
			Trying Out
				Researching to Answer the “So What?” Question
				What Are the Causes and Effects?
			EXERCISE 8.2: Highlighting Causes or Effects
			Writing the Sketch
			STUDENT SKETCH: Grace Burgert, “Bringing Students to The Table”
			Moving from Sketch to Draft
				Evaluating Your Own Sketch
				Second Thoughts: Reflecting on What You’re Learning
			Developing
				Research
				Focusing on the Justifications
			Drafting
				Methods of Development
				Using Evidence
			INQUIRING INTO THE DETAILS: Evidence—A Case Study
			Workshopping
				Reflecting on the Draft
			Revising
				Analyzing the Information
			STUDENT ESSAY: Grace Burgert, “Breaking Down Barriers: Student and University Faculty Relationships”
		Evaluating the Essay
			Last Thoughts: Reflecting on What You Learned
		Using What You Have Learned
	Chapter 9 Writing an Argument
		EXERCISE 9.1: Identifying the Area of Disagreement
		An Inquiry‐Based Approach to Argument
		What Is Argument?
			Argument Has More Than Two Sides
			Inquiry Arguments Begin with Exploration
		Features of the Form
			RE‐GENRE: Political Cartoon
			First Thoughts: Reflecting on a New Genre
		Building Your Argument Toolbox
			What Do We Mean by Claims, Reasons, and Evidence?
				Claims: What You Want People to Believe
			EXERCISE 9.2: Passing the “’No’ Test”
			Reasons: The “Because. . .” Behind the Claim
			Evidence: Testing the Claim
			Combining Claims, Reasons, and Evidence
			Three Approaches to Building an Argument
				Classical Argument: Ethos, Pathos, Logos
				Toulmin’s Approach: What Do You Need to Believe Is True?
				Rogers: Accurately Restating and Refuting Opposing Claims
			EXERCISE 9.3: Argument as Therapy
			ONE STUDENT’S RESPONSE: Rebecca’s Journal
			Avoiding Logical Fallacies
			A Note on Counterarguments
		READING AN ARGUMENT
			ARGUMENT 1: Locate the Logical Fallacies and Rhetorical Strategies
			Tyler Hallmark, “When Failure Is OK’ Is Not OK”
			Inquiring into the Essay
			ARGUMENT 2: Identify Types of Claims
			Rebecca J. Romsdahl, “Red State Rural America is Acting on Climate Change—Without Calling it Climate Change”
			Inquiring into the Reading
		Writing an Argument
			What Are You Going to Write About?
				Second Thoughts: Reflecting on What You’re Learning
			Opening Up: Creative Thinking
				Listing Prompts
				Fastwriting Prompts
				Visual Prompts
				Research Prompts
			ONE STUDENT’S RESPONSE: Rebecca’s Journal
			Narrowing Down: Critical Thinking
				What’s Promising Material and What Isn’t?
				Questions About Audience and Purpose
			Trying Out
				Kitchen Knives of Thought
				Research Considerations
				Interviews
			Writing the Sketch
			STUDENT SKETCH: Rebecca Thompson, “Twitter a Profound Thought?”
			Moving from Sketch to Draft
				Evaluating Your Own Sketch
			Developing
				Writing for Your Readers
				Researching the Argument
			Drafting
				Designing Your Argument Rhetorically
				Methods of Development
				Using Evidence
			INQUIRING INTO THE DETAILS: What Evidence Can Do
			Workshopping
				Reflecting on the Draft
			Revising
			STUDENT ESSAY: Rebecca Thompson, “Social Networking Social Good?”
			Evaluating the Essay
				Last Thoughts: Reflecting on What You Learned
		Using What You Have Learned
Part 3 INQUIRING DEEPER
	Chapter 10 Writing a Research Essay
		EXERCISE 10.1: A Researchable Question About Nearly Anything?
		Writing with Research
			Some Qualities of Researchable Questions
			Research and Academic Writing
		Features of the Form: Genre Patterns and Conventions
			RE‐GENRE: Infographic
				First Thoughts: Reflecting on a New Genre
		Reading a Research Essay
			EXERCISE 10.2: Flash Research on the Ethics of Rationing Health Care
			EXCERPT FROM AN ARTICLE: Nick Romeo, “Excerpt from The Grim Ethical Dilemma of Rationing Medical Care, Explained’”
		Writing a Research Essay
			What Are You Going to Write About?
			Opening Up: Creative Thinking
				Listing Prompts
				Fastwriting Prompts
				Visual Prompts
				Research Prompts
			Narrowing Down: Critical Thinking
				What’s Promising Material and What Isn’t?
				Questions about Audience and Purpose
			Trying Out
				Refining the Question
				Focus Like a Journalist
				Writing a Proposal
		Sample Research Proposal
			Moving from Proposal to Draft
				Evaluating Your Proposal
				Second Thoughts: Reflecting on What You’re Learning
			Developing
				Write While You Read
			INQUIRING INTO THE DETAILS: Scheduling Your Time
			Tools for Developing the Research Essay Draft
			Drafting
				Methods of Development
				Using Evidence
			Workshopping
				Reflecting on the Draft
			Revising
			STUDENT ESSAY: Laura Burns, “The Unreal Dream’”: True Crime in the Justice System”
		Evaluating the Essay
			Last Thoughts: Reflecting on What You Learned
		Using What You Have Learned
	Chapter 11 Research Strategies
		Research Routines
		EXERCISE 11.1: How Do You Move to the Music?
		Power Searching Using Google
			Google Filters and Search Strategies
				Google Scholar
			Smart Searching on Wikipedia
			Power Searching in the Library
				Combining Terms Using Boolean Searching
				Using Controlled Language Searches
		Developing Working and Focused Knowledge
			Developing Working Knowledge
				Refine the Research Question
			Developing Focused Knowledge
			Library Research: A Strategy for Developing Focused Knowledge
				Searching for Books
				Searching for Periodicals and Newspapers
			Online Research: A Strategy for Developing Focused Knowledge
		Evaluating Sources
			Library Sources
			INQUIRING INTO THE DETAILS The Working Bibliography
			Web Sources
				An Evaluation Checklist for Web Sources
		Research with Living Sources: Interviews, Surveys, and Fieldwork
			Interviews
				Arranging Interviews
				Conducting the Interview
				Using the Interview in Your Writing
				The Online Interview
				Finding People Online
				Contacting Someone for an Online Interview
			Surveys
				Defining a Survey’s Goals and Audience
				Two Types of Survey Questions
				Crafting Survey Questions
				INQUIRING INTO THE DETAILS: Types of Survey Questions
				Conducting a Survey: Paper or Electronic?
				Testing the Survey
				Finding the Target Audience
				Using Survey Results in Your Writing
				Fieldwork: Research on What You See and Hear
					The Ethics of Fieldwork
					Note‐Taking Strategies
					Using Field Research in Your Writing
		Writing in the Middle: Note‐Taking Techniques
			Double‐Entry Journal
			Research Log
			ONE STUDENT’S RESPONSE: Claude’s Research Log
		Using What You Have Learned
	Chapter 12 Using and Citing Sources
		Using and Synthesizing Sources
			The Research Writer as Narrator
			The Narrator as Synthesizer
			The Note Taker’s Triad: Summary, Paraphrase, and Quotation
				Summarizing
				Paraphrasing
				Quoting
		Citing Sources and Avoiding Plagiarism
			Avoiding Plagiarism
			INQUIRING INTO THE DETAILS: A Taxonomy of Copying
			EXERCISE 12.1: The Accidental Plagiarist
		MLA Documentation Guidelines
			INQUIRING INTO THE DETAILS: The Common Knowledge Exception
			Citing Sources
				Where to Put Citations
			INQUIRING INTO THE DETAILS: Citations That Go with the Flow
			Format
				The Layout
				Printing
				Margins and Spacing
				Title Page
				Pagination
				Placement of Tables, Charts, and Illustrations
				Handling Titles
				Language and Style
			Preparing the Works Cited Page
				Alphabetizing the List
				Indenting and Spacing
				Citing Books
				Citing Periodicals
				Citing Other Sources
				A Sample Paper in MLA Style
		APA Documentation Guidelines
			How the Essay Should Look
				Page Format
				Order of Pages
				Title Page
				Title Page Format
				Body of the Paper
				References Page
				Appendix
				Notes
				Tables and Figures
				Language and Style
			Citing Sources in Your Essay
				When to Cite Page Numbers
				Citing Different Types of Works
			Citing Material that Can’t Be Recovered or Only Certain People Can Access
				Interviews, E‐Mail, and Letters
				Classroom or Intranet Resources
			Preparing the References List
				Order of Sources
				Order of Information
				A Sample Paper in APA Style
		Using What You Have Learned
Part 4 RE‐INQUIRING
	Chapter 13 Re‐Genre as Deep Revision
		STUDENTS ON RE-GENRE
		The Re‐Genre Assignment
			The Project
				Re‐purposing a Blog to a Podcast: A Case Study
			STUDENTS ON RE-GENRE
		Planning the Re‐Genre
			Applying Rhetorical Goals
			Matching Goals with Levels of Content
			Narrowing the Audience
			Choosing a Multimedia Genre
				Match Rhetorical Goal with Genre
				Match Genre with Audience
				Align Genre with the Situation
				Assess Time and Skill
				Evaluate Resources
			Reflect on the Process
				First Thoughts: Reflection on Process
			EXERCISE 13.1: Re‐Genre Pitch
		Eight Multimedia Genres
			Slide Presentations
			Infographic
			Social Media Campaign
			Conference Poster
			Photographic Essay
			Radio Essays or Podcasts
			STUDENTS ON RE-GENRE
			Web Page
			Movie Trailer
				Second Thoughts: Reflecting on What You’re Learning
		Drafting Tools: Scripts, Storyboards, and Mock‐Ups
			Scripts
			Storyboards
			Mock‐Ups
			EXERCISE 13.2: Genre Analysis: Conventions and Best Practices
			The Ethics of Borrowing
				Creative Commons Licenses
				Public Domain
				Last Thoughts: Reflecting on Re‐Genre
		Using What You Have Learned
	Chapter 14 Revision Strategies
		Deep Revision
		Revision Requires Reflection
			The Story of Your Draft
			Reflective Cover Letter
		Divorcing the Draft
			Tips for Divorcing the Draft
		Five Categories of Revision
			Problems with Purpose
				Revision Strategy 14.1: Dialogue with Ahmad
				Revision Strategy 14.2: What Do You Want to Know About What You’ve Learned?
				Revision Strategy 14.3: Finding the Focusing Question
				Revision Strategy 14.4: What’s the Relationship?
			Problems with Meaning
				Where Does Meaning Come From?
				Methods for Discovering Your Thesis
				Revision Strategy 14.5: Harvest Meanings from the Draft
				Revision Strategy 14.6: Looping Toward a Thesis
				Revision Strategy 14.7: Reclaiming Your Topic
				Revision Strategy 14.8: The Believing Game
				Methods for Refining Your Thesis
				Revision Strategy 14.9: Questions as Knives
				Revision Strategy 14.10: Visualize Your Why
				Revision Strategy 14.11: Qualifying Your Claim
			Problems with Information
				Revision Strategy 14.12: Explode a Moment
				Revision Strategy 14.13: Beyond Examples
				Revision Strategy 14.14: Research the Conversation
				Revision Strategy 14.15: Backing Up Your Assumptions
			Problems with Structure
				Revision Strategy 14.16: Beginnings, Middles, Ends, and the Work They Do
				Revision Strategy 14.17: Reorganizing Around Thesis and Support
				Revision Strategy 14.18: Multiple Leads
			INQUIRING INTO THE DETAILS: Types of Leads
			Revision Strategy 14.19: The Frankenstein Draft
			Revision Strategy 14.20: Reverse Outline
			Problems with Clarity and Style
				Revision Strategy 14.21: The Three Most Important Sentences
				Revision Strategy 14.22: Untangling Paragraphs
				Revision Strategy 14.23: Cutting Clutter
			INQUIRING INTO THE DETAILS: Transition Flags
			Revision Strategy 14.24: The Actor and the Action Next Door
			Improving Style
				Revision Strategy 14.25: Actors and Actions
				Revision Strategy 14.26: Smoothing the Choppiness
				Revision Strategy 14.27: Fresh Ways to Say Things
		Using What You Have Learned
Appendix A The Writer’s Workshop
	Making the Most of Peer Review
		Being Read
		Divorcing the Draft
		Instructive Talk
	Models for Writing Workshops
		Group Workshops
		One‐on‐One Peer Review
	The Writer’s and Reader’s Responsibilities
	Useful Responses
		Response Formats
			The No‐Response Workshop
			The Initial‐Response Workshop
			The Narrative‐of‐Thought Workshop
			The Instructive‐Lines Workshop
			The Purpose Workshop
			The Graphing‐Reader‐Interest Workshop
			The Sum‐of‐the‐Parts Workshop
			The Thesis Workshop
			The Editing Workshop
		Reflecting on the Workshop
Appendix B The Writing Portfolio
	What Is a Portfolio?
	Types of Portfolios
		Unevaluated Portfolios
		Evaluated Portfolios
	Why Require a Portfolio?
	Organizing Portfolios
	Writing a Reflective Letter or Essay
	Final Preparations
Appendix C The Annotated Bibliography
	What Is an Annotated Bibliography?
		Indicative Bibliography
		Informative Bibliography
		Evaluative Bibliography
		Combination of Types
	Writing an Annotated Bibliography
		Choose a Subject
		Gather Materials
		Read Strategically
		Length
		Content
	Sample Student Annotated Bibliography
HANDBOOK
	1 Sentence Boundaries
	2 Sentence Inconsistencies
	3 Problems with Modification
	4 Verbs
	5 Pronouns
	6 Style
	7 Punctuation
	8 Mechanics and Spelling
	9 Review of Basic Grammar
	10 Tips for ESOL Writers
Credits
Index
	A
	B
	C
	D
	E
	F
	G
	H
	I
	J
	K
	L
	M
	N
	O
	P
	Q
	R
	S
	T
	U
	V
	W
	Y
	Z